Introduction
Hanuma fetches Rama and Lakshmana to Sugreeva, and advises him to befriend Rama. Accordingly Rama and Sugreeva take the oath of friendship before an altar of fire and Rama assures to eliminate Vali the vice, from the face of earth.
Verse 1
ऋश्यमूकात् तु हनुमान् गत्वा तम् मलयम् गिरिम् |
आचचक्षे तदा वीरौ कपि राजाय राघवौ || ४-५-१
Hanuma on going from Mt. Rishyamuka to Mt. Malaya, has reported to the king of monkeys Sugreeva, about the two valiant Raghava-s. [4-5-1]
1. hanumaan = Hanuma; R^iSamuukaat tu = from Mt. Rishyamuka; tam malayam giram gatvaa = to that, Mt. Malaya, having gone; kapi raajaaya = to the king of monkeys; raaghavau tadaa = then; viirau = about the valiant ones; aachachakSe = has reported.
Verse 2
अयम् रामो महाप्राज्ञ संप्राप्तो दृढ विक्रमः |
लक्ष्मणेन सह भ्रात्रा रामोऽयम् सत्य विक्रमः || ४-५-२
“Oh! great discerner Sugreeva, this is Rama… oh, stubbornly valiant Sugreeva, this virtuously valiant Rama arrived along with his brother Lakshmana… [4-5-2]
2. mahaa praaj~naH = oh, great discerner – Sugreeva; ayam raamaH = this is Rama; dhR^iDha vikramaH = oh, stubbornly, valiant one; bhraatraa lakshmanena = along with his brother, Lakshmana; sampraaptaH = arrived; saH raamaH ayam = Rama, he is; satya vikramaH = virtuously valiant one.
Verse 3
इक्ष्वाकूणाम् कुले जातो रामो दशरथात्मजः |
धर्मे निगदितः च एव पितुर् निर्देश कारकः || ४-५-३
“Rama is the son of king Dasharatha, one born in Ikshvaku dynasty, an adept one in virtue and thus an adherent of his father’s orders… [4-5-3]
3. iksvaakuuNaam kule jaataH dasharatha aatmajaH = in Ikshvaku, dynasty, born, Dasharatha’s, son; Rama; dharme nigaditaH ca = in virtue, adept, also; eva = thus; pituH nirdesha kaarakaH = thus, father’s, orders, adherent.
Verse 4 & 5
राजसूय अश्वमेधैः च वह्निः येन अभितर्पितः |
दक्षिणाः च तथा उत्सृष्टा गावः शत सहस्रशः || ४-५-४
तपसा सत्य वाक्येन वसुधा येन पालिता |
स्त्री हेतोः तस्य पुत्रोऽयम् रामः अरणयम् समागतः || ४-५-५
“By whom the ritual fire is well worshipped in Vedic rituals like rajasuuya, ashvametha, and thus cows in hundreds and thousands are donated in those rituals, by whom this earth is ruled devoutly and truthful to his word, such Dasharatha’s son is this Rama, who has to come to forests owing to a woman… [4-5-4, 5]
4. yena = by whom; raajasuuya ashvamedhaiH ca = by rajayasuuya, ashvametha rituals, also; vahniH = ritual fire; abhi tarpitaH = is well worshipped; tathaa = likewise; shata sahasrashaH gaavaH dakSiNaaH uthsR^iSTaa = in hundreds and thousands, cows, as charities, were given; yena = by whom; tapasaa = devoutly; satya vaakyena = truthful to his word; vasudhaa = this earth; paalitaa = was ruled; tasya putraH ayam raamaH = his, son, is this, Rama; strii hetoH araNyam samaagataH = a lady, being the reason, to forests, he came.
Verse 6
तस्य अस्य वसतो अरण्ये नियतस्य महात्मनः |
रावणेन हृता भार्या स त्वाम् शरणम् आगतः || ४-५-६
“Ravana stole the wife of this principled one and great soul Rama when dwelling in forests, such as he is, he came seeking your refuge… [4-5-6]
6. vasataH araNye = when dwelling, in forests; niyatasya = principled one; tasya = his; asya = this; mahaatmanaH bhaaryaa = great soul Rama’, wife; raavaNena hR^itaa = by Ravana, stolen; saH tvaam sharaNam aagata = such as he is, to you, for shelter, he came.
Verse 7
भवता सख्य कामौ तौ भ्रातरौ राम लक्ष्मणौ |
प्रगृह्य च अर्चयस्व एतौ पूजनीयतमौ उभौ || ४-५-७
“These two brothers Rama and Lakshmana, are interested to make friendship with you… thus you receive these two and worship them, for they are most venerable ones…” Hanuma thus advised Sugreeva. [4-5-7]
7. tau bhraatarau = those two, brothers; raama lakSmaNau = Rama, Lakshmana; bhavataa sakhya kaamau = with you, friendship, interested; puujaniiyatamau = most venerable are; imau = them; ubhau = two; pragR^ihya = you receive them; arcayasva = worship.
Verse 8
श्रुत्वा हनुमतो वाक्यम् सुग्रीवो वानर अधिपः |
दर्शनीयतमो भूत्वा प्रीत्या उवाच राघवम् || ४-५-८
On hearing Hanuma’s words Sugreeva, the chief of monkeys has become presentable and gladly spoke to Rama. [4-5-8]
8. vaanara adhipaH = monkey’s chief; sugriivaH = Sugreeva; shrutvaa = on hearing; hanumataH vaakyam = Hanuma’s, words; darshaniiyatamaH bhuutvaa = presentable, he became; priityaa = gladly; uvaaca raaghavam = spoke to, Rama.
Verse 9
भवान् धर्म विनीतः च सुतपाः सर्व वत्सलः |
आख्याता वायुपुत्रेण तत्त्वतो मे भवद् गुणाः || ४-५-९
“You are a trained one in treading righteous path, best by your scruples, and a kindlier one to all, so said Air-god’s son Hanuma to me about your attributes, in subtlety… [4-5-9]
9. bhavaan = you; dharma viniitaH = virtue knower [you are trained to tread virtuous path]; su tapaaH = best, scrupulous one; sarva vatsala = to all, kindlier one; aakhyaataa vaayu putreNa = said so by, Air’s son, Hanuma; tattvataH = in subtlety; me = to me; bhavat guNaaH = your, attributes.
Verse 10
तन् मम एव एष सत्कारो लाभः च एव उत्तमः प्रभो |
यत् त्वम् इच्छसि सौहार्दम् वानरेण मया सह || ४-५-१०
“Therefor oh, lord, you wish to make friendship with a monkey like me, thereby this is an honour and a best achievement to me alone… [4-5-10]
10. h� prabho = oh, lord; tat tvam vaanareNa mayaa saha sauhaardam icChasi = therefor, you, with a monkey, [like] me, along with, friendship, you wish to have; iti yat = thus, that which topic is there; eSa = this way; mama eva = for me, only; satkaaraH uttamaH laabhaH ca = an honour, best, achievement, also.
Verse 11
रोचते यदि मे सख्यम् बाहुः एष प्रसारितः |
गृह्यताम् पाणिना पाणिः मर्यादा बध्यताम् ध्रुवा || ४-५-११
“If you aspire my friendship here I extend my arm, take this hand of mine into yours, thus let the convention be stably made fast…” Thus Sugreeva proffered friendship to Rama. [4-5-11]
11. me sakhyam rocate yadi = my friendship, you aspire, if; eSa baahuH prasaaritaH = here is, arm, is extended; paaNinaa paaNiH gR^ihyataam = hand, by hand, be taken; dhruvaa = stably; maryaadaa badhyataam = convention, make fast.
Verse 12 & 13a
एतत् तु वचनम् श्रुत्वा सुग्रीवस्य सुभाषितम् |
संप्रहृष्ट मना हस्तम् पीडयामास पाणिना || ४-५-१२
हृष्टः सौहृदम् आलम्ब्य पर्यष्वजत पीडितम् |
Rama is gladdened at heart on listening all those words well said by Sugreeva, and then clutched Sugreeva’s hand in his, and ardently abiding by the vow of friendship he embraced Sugreeva, grippingly and happily. [4-5-12, 13a]
12, 13a. etat tu = all those; ugriivasya su bhaashitam vacanam shrutvaa = Sugreeva’s, well-said, words, listening; samprahR^iSTa manaa = gladdened, at heart [Rama]; paaNinaa = with hand; hastam = [Sugreeva’s] hand; piiDayaamaasa = started to clutch; sauhR^idam aalambya = friendship, while abiding; hR^iSTaH = happily; piiditam = grippingly; paryaSvajata = embraced.
Verse 13b,14 & 15a
ततो हनूमान् संत्यज्य भिक्षु रूपम् अरिन्दमः || ४-५-१३
काष्ठयोः स्वेन रूपेण जनयामास पावकम् |
दीप्यमानम् ततो वह्निम् पुष्पैः अभ्यर्च्य सत्कृतम् || ४-५-१४
तयोर् मध्ये तु सुप्रीतो निदधौ सुसमाहितः |
Then the destroyer of enemies Hanuma discarding the guise of ascetic assumed his original monkey form, and on producing fire with two sticks then made it to glow. decorated, worshipped with flowers, then gladly and devoutly placed that fire in between Rama and Sugreeva. [4-5-13b,14,15a]
13b, 14, 15a. tataH = then; arindamaH hanuumaan = enemy destroyer, Hanuma; bhikshu ruupam samtyajya = ascetic’s guise, leaving off; svena ruupeNa = with his own, form; kaaSThayoH paavakam janayaamaasa = with two sticks, fire, started to ignite; tataH = then; vahnim diipyamaanam satkR^itam = fire, making to glow, decorated; puSpaiH = with flowers; abhyarcya = worshipped; supriitaH = gladdened; susamaahitaH = devoutly; tayoH madhye nidadhe = them, in between, placed.
Verse 15b & 16a
ततो अग्निम् दीप्यमानम् तौ चक्रतुः च प्रदक्षिणम् || ४-५-१५
सुग्रीवो राघवः च एव वयस्यत्वम् उपागतौ |
Then those two performed circumambulations to that well glowing ritual fire, and thus, Rama and Sugreeva entered into the pact of friendship. [4-5-15, 16a]
15b, 16a. tataH = then; tau diipyamaanam agnim pradakshiNam cakratuH = they two, glowing, at fire, circumambulations, they made; Sugreeva; Raaghava; ca = also; eva = thus; vayasyatvam = friendship; upaagatau = entered into.
Verse 16b & 17a
ततः सुप्रीत मनसौ तौ उभौ हरि राघवौ || ४-५-१६
अन्योन्यम् अभिवीक्षन्तौ न तृप्तिम् अभिजग्मतुः |
And then gladdened at heart are those two, that monkey and Raghava, gazed enough at each other eye-to-eye, but their hearts did not derive any fraternal satisfaction. [4-5-16b, 17a]
16b, 17a. tataH = then; supriita manasau = gladdened, at heart; tau ubhau = those, two; hari = monkey; raaghavau = Raghava anyonyam = at each other; abhi viikshantau = gazing at; na = not; tR^iptim = satisfaction; upajagmatuH = they got.
Verse 17b & 18a
त्वम् वयस्योऽसि हृद्यः मे हि एकम् दुःखम् सुखम् च नौ ||४-५-१७
सुग्रीवो राघवम् वाक्यम् इति उवाच प्रहृष्टवत् |
Sugreeva rejoicingly said to Raghava, “you are the amiable friend of mine, henceforth our mirth or miseries are same for us…” [4-5-17b, 18a]
17b, 18a. tvam me hR^idyaH vayasyaH asi = you, are my, amiable, friend, you are; nau sukham duHkham ca ekam = our, mirth, misery, are one [the same]; iti sugriivaH prahR^iSTa vat raaghvam vaakyam uvaacha = thus, Sugreeva, rejoicingly, to Raghava, sentence, said.
Verse 18b & 19a
ततः सुपर्ण बहुलाम् भंक्त्वा शाखाम् सुपुष्पिताम् ||४-५-१८
सालस्य आस्तीर्य सुग्रीवः निषसाद स राघवः |
And then Sugreeva snapped off and spread a fully flowered tree-branch of sala tree with many leaves, and sat on it along with Rama. [4-5-18b, 19a]
18b, 19a. tataH = then; Sugreeva; saalasya parNa bahulaam = of sala tree, with leaves, many; supuSpitaam = well flowered; shaakham chitvaa = branch of tree, snapped off; aastiirya = spread it; sa raaghavaH = along with, Rama; niSasaada = sat on it.
Verse 19b & 20a
लक्ष्मनाय अथ संहृष्टो हनुमान् मारुतात्मजः || ४-५-१९
शखाम् चन्दन वृक्षस्य ददौ परम पुष्पिताम् |
Then Hanuma the son of Air, gladly gave a well-flowered branch of sandalwood tree to Lakshmana… [4-5-19b, 20a]
19b, 20a. atha = then; samhR^iSTaH = gladly; maaruta aatmajaH = Air’s son; Hanuma; chandana vR^ikshasya = of sandalwood, tree; parama puSpitaam = well, flowered; shakhaam = branch of; laksmanaaya = for Lakshmana; dadau = gave.
Verse 20b & 21a
ततः प्रहृष्टः सुग्रीवः श्लक्ष्णम् मधुरया गिरा || ४-५-२०
प्रति उवाच तदा रामम् हर्ष व्याकुल लोचनः |
Then that delighted Sugreeva with his sweet words, and with his eyes quavering in happiness, replied Rama softly. [4-5-20b, 21a]
20b, 21a. tataH = then; prahR^iSTaH = that delighted one; Sugreeva; madhurayaa giraa = with sweet, words; harsha = with happiness; vyaakula = quavering; lochanaH = eyes; shlakshnam = softly; tadaa = that way; prati uvaacha = replied; Rama.
Verse 21b & 22a
अहम् विनिकृतो राम चरमि इह भय आर्दितः || ४-५-२१
हृत भार्यो वने त्रस्तो दुर्गम् एतत् उपाश्रितः |
“Rama, I am ridiculed, stolen is my wife, I move here about in these forests with dread and fear haunting me… I took refuge in this impenetrable forest… [4-5-21b, 22a]
21b, 22a. Rama; aham = I am; vinikR^itaH = ridiculed; hR^ita bhaaryaH = stolen, wife; bhaya aarditaH = fear haunting me; iha vane charami = here about, in forest, I am moving; trastaH = dread; durgam = impenetrable; etat = this forest; upaashritaH = took refuse.
Verse 22b & 23a
सोऽहम् त्रस्तो वने भीतो वसामि उद् भ्रान्त चेतनः || ४-५-२२
वालिना निकृतो भ्रात्रा कृत वैरः च राघव |
“Oh, Raghava, my brother denounced me, he even made me an enemy of his, such as I am I am living in these forests with scare and fear, and with dismayed vitality… [4-5-22b, 23a]
22b, 23a. Raaghava; bhraatraa = by my brother; vaalinaa = by Vali; nikR^itaH = denounced; kR^ita vairaH ca = made, an enemy, also; saH aham = such as I am; trastaH = fearing; udbhraanta chetanaH = with dismayed, vitality; vane = in forests; abhiitaH = scared; vasaami = I am living.
Verse 23b & 24a
वालिनो मे महाभाग भय आर्तस्य अभयम् कुरु || ४-५-२३
कर्तुम् अर्हसि काकुत्स्थः भयम् मे न भवेद् यथा |
“Oh, highly fortunate Rama, affirm fearlessness to me from Vali by who I am highly intimidated, and as to how there will be fearlessness to me from him, it will be apt of you to accomplish that, that way… [4-5-23b, 24a]
23b, 24a. mahaabhaaga = oh! highly fortunate one Rama; vaalinaH = from Vaali; bhaya aartasya = in fear, intimidated; me = to me; a bhayam kuru = no, fear [fearlessness] give me; kaakutsthaH = Rama; me yathaa bhayam na bhavet = to me, as to how, fear, will not, be there; [tathaa = that way]; kartum arhasi = to do so, apt of you.
Verse 24b & 25a
एवम् उक्तः तु तेजस्वी धर्मज्ञो धर्म वत्सलः ||४-५-२४
प्रति अभाषत काकुत्स्थः सुग्रीवम् प्रहसन् इव |
When thus said, that resplendent and righteous one being the patron of virtue Rama replied Sugreeva, as though laughing off. [4-5-24b, 25a]
24b, 25a; evam = thus; uktaH tu = who is said so; tejasvii = resplendent one; dharmaj~naH = righteous one; dharma vatsalaH = virtue, patron; kaakutsthaH = Rama; sugriivam = to Sugreeva; prati abhaaSata = in turn, spoke [replied]; prahasan iva = laughing off, as though.
Verse 25b & 26a
उपकार फलम् मित्रम् विदितम् मे महाकपे ||४-५-२५
वालिनम् तम् वधिष्यामि तव भार्य अपहारिणम् |
“A friend is the resultant factor of helpfulness… that I know… oh, great monkey I intend eliminate that Vali, the abductor of your wife… [4-5-2b, 26a5]
25b, 26a. mahaa kapeH = oh, great monkey; mitram = a friend has; upakaara phalam = helpfulness, as resultant fruit; viditam me = known to, me; tava bhaarya apahaarinaam = your, wife’s, adductor; tam vaalinam = that one, Vali; vadhishyaami = I intend to kill [eliminate.]
Verse 26b,27 & 28a
अमोघोः सूर्य संकाशाः मम इमे निशिताः शराः || ४-५-२६
तस्मिन् वालिनि दुर्वृत्ते निपतिष्यन्ति वेगिताः |
कन्क पत्र प्रतिच्छन्ना महेन्द्र अशनि संनिभाः || ४-५-२७
तीक्ष्णाग्रा ऋजुपर्वाणः स रोषा भुजगा इव |
“Unfailing are these arrows of mine, scorchers like sun, sharp ones tied with eagle feathers, similar to Indra’s Thunderbolts, sharp are their point and straight is their egress, similar to enraged snakes, and these arrows of mine will be speeded up to fall on that vicious Vali… [4-5-26b, 27, 28a]
26b, 27, 28a. amoghaaH = unfailing; suurya sankaashaaH = sun-like; nishitaaH = sharp; kanka patra praticChannaa = eagle’s, feathers, tied with; mahendra ashani sannibhaaH = Indra’s, Thunderbolt, similar to; tiikshNa agraa = sharp, pointed; R^iju parvaaNaH = with straight, egress; sa roSaaH bhujagaa iva = with rage, snakes, like; ime mama sharaaH = these, my, arrows; vegitaaH = speeded [in shooting]; durvR^itte = vicious one; tasmin vaaalini nipatiSyanti = on that, Vali, will fall.
Verse 28b & 29a
तम् अद्य वालिनम् पश्य तीक्ष्णैः आशी विष उपमैः || ४-५-२८
शरैः विनिहितम् भूमौ प्रकीर्णम् इव पर्वतम् |
“You will see now itself the falling of Vali like a splintered mountain onto ground, when completely ruined by these cruel arrows that are similar to venomous snakes…” Thus Rama inculcated confidence in Sugreeva. [4-5-28b, 29a]
28b, 29a. adya = now; aashii visha upamaiH = snakes, venomous, in similarity; kruuraiH sharaiH vinihitam = by cruel, arrows, completely ruined; bhuumau = on ground; prakiirNam = splintered; parvatam = mountain; iva = like; vaalinam = Vali; pashya = you see.
Verse 29b & c
स तु तद् वचनम् श्रुत्वा राघवस्य आत्मनोहितम् |
सुग्रीवः परम प्रीतः परमम् वाक्यम् अब्रवीत् ||४-५-२९
On hearing Raghava’s words that are appeasing for his self, Sugreeva is very completely satisfied and said this fine sentence. [4-5-29b, c]
29b, c. saH tu = he, also; sugriiva = Sugreeva; aatmanaH hitam = for himself, appeasing; raaghavasya tat vachanam = of Raghava, that saying; shrutvaa = on hearing; parama priitaH = completely satisfied; sumahat = fine; vaakyam = sentence; abraviit = said.
Verse 30
तव प्रसादेन नृसिंह वीर
प्रियाम् च राज्यम् च समाप्नुयाम् अहम् |
तथा कुरु त्वम् नर देव वैरिणम्
यथा न हिंस्यत् स पुनर् मम अग्रजम् || ४-५-३०
“By your grace, oh, lion among men, let me regain my wife and kingdom too… oh, god of humans, as to how he does not suffer me again, thus you may please make happen… let not my elder brother turned as an enemy of mine suffer me again… [4-5-30]
30. tava prasaadena = by you, grace; nR^i simha = lion, among men; viira = valiant one; aham = I will; priyaam cha = wife, also; raajyam ca = kingdom, too; sam aapnuyaam = let me regain; nara deva = humans’, god; saH = he; punaH = again; yathaa = as to how; na = not to; hinsyat = suffer me; tathaa tvam kuru = like that, you, do; vairiNam = to my enemy; mama agrajam = my elder brother.
Verse 31
सीत कपीन्द्र क्षणदा चराणाम्
राजीव हेम ज्वलनोपमानानि |
सुग्रीव राम प्रणय पसङ्गे
वामानि नेत्राणि समम् स्फुरन्ति || ४-५-३१
During the friendly conversation of Rama and Sugreeva, the left eyes of Seetha, Vali and Ravana that bear similitude with lotuses, golden orbs, and fireballs respectively have fluttered equally. [4-5-31]
31. Sugreeva; Rama; praNaya = friendly; prasa~Nge = conversation; siita = Seetha’s; kapi indra = monkeys, lord’s [Vali’s]; kshaNadaa charaanaam = night, walker’s [Ravana’s]; raajiiva = lotus; hema = golden; jvalana = fireball; upamaanaani = in similitude; vaamaani = left side; netraaNi = eyes; samam = equally; sphuranti = fluttered.
